Rahim Tabet | November 07, 2014 |
Iran
|
Midle East
Middle East contains Iran, bordering Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey and Turkmenistan. In addition to these countries, Iran has a lot of water around as the Gulf of Oman, the Arabian Sea and the Caspian Sea. In Iran you can find a coastline of no less than 2,240 kilometers long. With an area of 1.648 million square kilometers, Iran is 47 times as the Netherlands. The population is 67 million. The capital of Iran is Tehran and with its 10 million inhabitants, is that as the largest city in the country.
Petroleum and natural gas is very important for Iran, this is the largest source of income. The country is also ranked 4th in the list of major oil exporters in the world. 80% of all export earnings and 40% of all government revenue deserves Iran to the oil sector. In addition, Iran holds the second largest gas reserves and third largest oil reserves in the world. Iran has a well-developed private sector, which consist of SMEs, compared to other neighboring countries. Yet unemployment is a major problem in Iran, especially in the economic and social field. About 25% of the population is unemployed and that every year less. Every year one million new people coming into the labor market and especially these young people have difficulty finding a job.
The landscape of Iran is very dry and mountainous. Iran has two very important mountain ranges called the Zagros and Alborz. In this last mountain range, the highest mountain, Mount Damavand. This has a height of up to 5607 meters. Iran is on average 1,000 meters above sea level and is bordered by two depths: the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. The desert area is surrounded by mountain ranges that can reach a great height.
In Iran, the winter 2:30 hours ahead of Netherlands, in the summer 3:30 pm.
History
Earlier, about 3,000 years ago, the country still called Persia. This comes from the ancient Greek name Persis, which is an important region in the south of Iran. Incidentally, the country called the Iranians always Iran. Iran is also known as the land of the Aryans. Iran was only created in 1925 when Reza Pahlavi introduced himself as the Shah of Persia. We worked hard to modernize the country, but he was way behind when she found out that he worked with pro-German ideals, replaced by his son. Muhammad Reza Pahlavi was a staunch ally of the West and the US A new policy was implemented from 1960. This was followed by a political, economic and social reform. The population was disagreed and after some oppose Muhammad stepped down in 1979. The new leader was the Islamic cleric Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran Persia changed. Because he was working with strong isolationist ideals, the US and Israel were enemies of Iran. From 1980 t / m 1989 there was a fierce war going on between Iraq and Iran. This did not only affect the population, where many of fallen there, but also for the Iranian society and economy. In 1990 Ayatollah died and there was a different course. Mohammad Khatami came to power in 1997, after which he went to work for a more tolerant society, legal for everyone and building a civil society. After Mohammad Mahmoud Ahmadinejad came to power. He was in the same ideals as Ayotollah but still he was re-elected in 2009. However, this was not as it should, because there were violent protests followed by violence. Opponents of Mir-Hossein Mousavid claimed that there was an election fraud.
Population and culture
The population in Iran has grown considerably in recent years. The number where it had only 10 million inhabitants in 1900, now risen to 67 million. This is due to the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The majority of the population is younger than 30 years, which is very striking, because the population is on average 70 years. Various ethnic groups in Iran are like Persians, Azeris, Gilaki and Mazandarani, Kurds, Arabs, Balochi language, Lurs, Turkmen, Qashqai, Armenians, Jews, Assyrians and others. As you can see there are many different groups who all live in this great country, but the largest group is Shiite Muslim. Apart from all these groups, there are also religious minorities such as Zoroastrians, Jews, Sunnis and Christians. The language spoken in Iran is Persian, which is divided into several dialects which Turkish and Kurdish are the most important.
Clothing is very important in Iran and especially for the woman. You should ensure that your head and neck are covered with a scarf and your arms, legs and feet care may not be visible to others. Too much jewelry and makeup is also not accepted in Iran. It is also required to wear a black chador, in certain parts which is a Persian robe where you cover the whole body except your face. You do not necessarily purchase, because it is in many places to rent. It is not wise to wear tight clothing, so make sure you have appropriate clothing with you. Shorts and sleeveless shirts are not allowed, because then too much of the body looks. In Iran, you can not get alcohol and it is also strengJ forbidden to enter it. The Iranian culture is a kind of rich mixture of ancient and modern influences which three currents are central, classical culture, Islam and modern Western culture.
There are many archaeological sites in Iran. These sites are mainly seen in the early capital, Isfahan. Poetry and painting arts are known throughout the world because it has brought many wonderful masterpieces. Persian carpets are also well known.
Iran has a number of holidays that are celebrated;
February 11 - Revolution Day
March 20 - Day of the nationalization of the oil export
21/24 March - Persian New Year
April 1 - Day of the Islamic Republic
April 2 - Sizdah-Bedar
June 4 - Death of Imam Khomeini
June 5 - Revolt of 15th Khordad.
Language
The language spoken in Iran is Persian, which is divided into several dialects which Turkish and Kurdish are the most important.
Visa
For a holiday in Iran, you need a visa.
Price
Iran has as its official currency, the rial.
Price level in Iran is lower than in the Europha.
Medical Information
Health care is fairly well settled in Iran.
Vaccinations
There are no compulsory vaccinations for Iran needed, but it is advised to protect you against various diseases.
For current advice contact the Public Health Service, Tropical Doctor or Travel Clinic.
Safety
Iran is a safe country to travel to. In the big cities like Tehran and Isfahan come even thefts, but this is in most major cities in the world is the case. Street crime you rarely or never encounter in Iran. It is always wise to stop your precious belongings away somewhere good. When it goes to show, it will be stolen faster. Can best deliver your passport at the hotel reception, so you're sure nothing happens to it. It is not recommended to walk around in Sistan-Balouchistan and Kerman, because high crime here. Always check in advance the travel advice for Iran, so you're sure that nothing serious is going on. Beware also good for traffic in Iran.
Transportations
Getting into the country
It is possible to go to Iran by plane from the Netherlands. Take a direct flight, when the weather is about 6 hours. You can fly with Dutch society, but it is also possible to fly with Iran Air. You will arrive in Tehran Even with this society. Remember that you need to come in. Iran have a visa as a Dutchman Iran To enter, you need an invitation. Book always through a travel agent, because they can arrange an invitation for you.
It is also possible to get yourself to Iran by car. Remember that you're on the road over a long time, with 72 hours. It is best to spend between a visit to Turkey. Not only the driving style of the people is a disaster, but the roads are in dire need of replacement. In addition, there are found very little traffic, making it a great chaos. Maps are very useful if you are going to travel around in Iran. Do not deviate quickly from the main routes off, because these are the best to drive.
You within three days arrive in Istanbul by train. From there you can then travel back to Tehran. You have about 66 hours on the road, which is not really fun is when you consider that you can be there by plane within 6 hours. Any delays are not included. When you arrive at Tatvan, you'll have a quick journey by boat.
Transport in the country
Lets you travel around the country by plane. There are several airports where it is possible to fly to another city. The prices of these flights are very cheap. The rest of the transport in Europe are not as comfortable but it is high quality and very cheap. The tickets will always have the same value, so you can not take advantage of early booking discounts. The flight times are very reliable, but you can not always say the aircraft itself. These are often old and safety procedures do not meet long to Western standards. Still, the plane remains the safest way to transport in Iran because the death toll on the roads is enormous.
The buses are almost everywhere and by the low price of fuel is very cheap to travel in Iran around with a bus. Buses are allowed to drive only 80 miles per hour in Iran, so there will be fewer accidents. There is little difference between the various bus companies, but many busses have different classes. You can choose 1st class or 2nd class. In 1st class air-conditioned sitting and you get small snacks under traveling. The 2nd class is not all. You can buy tickets for a bus at a booth at various stations.
In contrast, the train network is very limited, but comfortable and fast. You must have one month before departure train ticket in your possession. If you'd like to travel 1st class, you pay two times the comparable bus fare. The Gatar trains are generally the cheapest, safest, most reliable and easiest way to travel throughout the country. The trains have often suffer from delays, so keep that in mind if you want to travel by train.
Travel by taxi is very cheap in Iran because the fuel prices are very low. By car or taxi travel is very dangerous in Iran, because the traffic signs and rules are not present to few in the country. There are many annual fatalities by reckless driving.
Flora & Fauna
There are in Iran over 8000 different plant species, of which 20% is indigenous. These native species are mainly found in isolated areas such as the tops of the Zagros- and Alborzgebergte, the mountains in the high plateau and the slopes at Kashan and Yazd. `S 60% of the country is very dry, but it has still some vegetation. This is because the vegetation has adapted to drought and salinity of the soil. Plants that live here are acacia, ziziphus, heliotrope, astragalus and wormwood.
Thanks to the great climatic and geographical differences, the animal life in Iran very extensive. There will be wild cats, brown bears, wild boars, wild sheep, ibex, gazelles and porcupines in Iran. Previously, there were also tigers, lions, panthers and leopards, but unfortunately there hunted and is a part of these animals no longer be found in Iran. Survived only panthers and leopards. Hunting parties
In Iran there are many areas where migratory birds gratefully use. These are also the main bird migration areas of the Middle East. Here belong include the Ansa Limo Races, the salt lakes of Orumieh and Bakhtegân the Shadegân marshes, Parishan- and Arjan Lake and the Persian Gulf. The birds you can spot are often very special such as the Iranian bees eat the gray bunting, grouse, the nuthatch, the bustard, the warbler and the Socotra cormorant.
The environment has lead many had, causing much damage arose. This is due to deforestation, the Iran-Iraq War and the pollution caused by the burning oil fields during the Gulf War. How much damage has occurred has not been investigated.
Middle East contains Iran, bordering Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey and Turkmenistan. In addition to these countries, Iran has a lot of water around as the Gulf of Oman, the Arabian Sea and the Caspian Sea. In Iran you can find a coastline of no less than 2,240 kilometers long. With an area of 1.648 million square kilometers, Iran is 47 times as the Netherlands. The population is 67 million. The capital of Iran is Tehran and with its 10 million inhabitants, is that as the largest city in the country.
Petroleum and natural gas is very important for Iran, this is the largest source of income. The country is also ranked 4th in the list of major oil exporters in the world. 80% of all export earnings and 40% of all government revenue deserves Iran to the oil sector. In addition, Iran holds the second largest gas reserves and third largest oil reserves in the world. Iran has a well-developed private sector, which consist of SMEs, compared to other neighboring countries. Yet unemployment is a major problem in Iran, especially in the economic and social field. About 25% of the population is unemployed and that every year less. Every year one million new people coming into the labor market and especially these young people have difficulty finding a job.
The landscape of Iran is very dry and mountainous. Iran has two very important mountain ranges called the Zagros and Alborz. In this last mountain range, the highest mountain, Mount Damavand. This has a height of up to 5607 meters. Iran is on average 1,000 meters above sea level and is bordered by two depths: the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. The desert area is surrounded by mountain ranges that can reach a great height.
In Iran, the winter 2:30 hours ahead of Netherlands, in the summer 3:30 pm.
History
Earlier, about 3,000 years ago, the country still called Persia. This comes from the ancient Greek name Persis, which is an important region in the south of Iran. Incidentally, the country called the Iranians always Iran. Iran is also known as the land of the Aryans. Iran was only created in 1925 when Reza Pahlavi introduced himself as the Shah of Persia. We worked hard to modernize the country, but he was way behind when she found out that he worked with pro-German ideals, replaced by his son. Muhammad Reza Pahlavi was a staunch ally of the West and the US A new policy was implemented from 1960. This was followed by a political, economic and social reform. The population was disagreed and after some oppose Muhammad stepped down in 1979. The new leader was the Islamic cleric Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran Persia changed. Because he was working with strong isolationist ideals, the US and Israel were enemies of Iran. From 1980 t / m 1989 there was a fierce war going on between Iraq and Iran. This did not only affect the population, where many of fallen there, but also for the Iranian society and economy. In 1990 Ayatollah died and there was a different course. Mohammad Khatami came to power in 1997, after which he went to work for a more tolerant society, legal for everyone and building a civil society. After Mohammad Mahmoud Ahmadinejad came to power. He was in the same ideals as Ayotollah but still he was re-elected in 2009. However, this was not as it should, because there were violent protests followed by violence. Opponents of Mir-Hossein Mousavid claimed that there was an election fraud.
Population and culture
The population in Iran has grown considerably in recent years. The number where it had only 10 million inhabitants in 1900, now risen to 67 million. This is due to the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The majority of the population is younger than 30 years, which is very striking, because the population is on average 70 years. Various ethnic groups in Iran are like Persians, Azeris, Gilaki and Mazandarani, Kurds, Arabs, Balochi language, Lurs, Turkmen, Qashqai, Armenians, Jews, Assyrians and others. As you can see there are many different groups who all live in this great country, but the largest group is Shiite Muslim. Apart from all these groups, there are also religious minorities such as Zoroastrians, Jews, Sunnis and Christians. The language spoken in Iran is Persian, which is divided into several dialects which Turkish and Kurdish are the most important.
Clothing is very important in Iran and especially for the woman. You should ensure that your head and neck are covered with a scarf and your arms, legs and feet care may not be visible to others. Too much jewelry and makeup is also not accepted in Iran. It is also required to wear a black chador, in certain parts which is a Persian robe where you cover the whole body except your face. You do not necessarily purchase, because it is in many places to rent. It is not wise to wear tight clothing, so make sure you have appropriate clothing with you. Shorts and sleeveless shirts are not allowed, because then too much of the body looks. In Iran, you can not get alcohol and it is also strengJ forbidden to enter it. The Iranian culture is a kind of rich mixture of ancient and modern influences which three currents are central, classical culture, Islam and modern Western culture.
There are many archaeological sites in Iran. These sites are mainly seen in the early capital, Isfahan. Poetry and painting arts are known throughout the world because it has brought many wonderful masterpieces. Persian carpets are also well known.
Iran has a number of holidays that are celebrated;
February 11 - Revolution Day
March 20 - Day of the nationalization of the oil export
21/24 March - Persian New Year
April 1 - Day of the Islamic Republic
April 2 - Sizdah-Bedar
June 4 - Death of Imam Khomeini
June 5 - Revolt of 15th Khordad.
Language
The language spoken in Iran is Persian, which is divided into several dialects which Turkish and Kurdish are the most important.
Visa
For a holiday in Iran, you need a visa.
Price
Iran has as its official currency, the rial.
Price level in Iran is lower than in the Europha.
Medical Information
Health care is fairly well settled in Iran.
Vaccinations
There are no compulsory vaccinations for Iran needed, but it is advised to protect you against various diseases.
For current advice contact the Public Health Service, Tropical Doctor or Travel Clinic.
Safety
Iran is a safe country to travel to. In the big cities like Tehran and Isfahan come even thefts, but this is in most major cities in the world is the case. Street crime you rarely or never encounter in Iran. It is always wise to stop your precious belongings away somewhere good. When it goes to show, it will be stolen faster. Can best deliver your passport at the hotel reception, so you're sure nothing happens to it. It is not recommended to walk around in Sistan-Balouchistan and Kerman, because high crime here. Always check in advance the travel advice for Iran, so you're sure that nothing serious is going on. Beware also good for traffic in Iran.
Transportations
Getting into the country
It is possible to go to Iran by plane from the Netherlands. Take a direct flight, when the weather is about 6 hours. You can fly with Dutch society, but it is also possible to fly with Iran Air. You will arrive in Tehran Even with this society. Remember that you need to come in. Iran have a visa as a Dutchman Iran To enter, you need an invitation. Book always through a travel agent, because they can arrange an invitation for you.
It is also possible to get yourself to Iran by car. Remember that you're on the road over a long time, with 72 hours. It is best to spend between a visit to Turkey. Not only the driving style of the people is a disaster, but the roads are in dire need of replacement. In addition, there are found very little traffic, making it a great chaos. Maps are very useful if you are going to travel around in Iran. Do not deviate quickly from the main routes off, because these are the best to drive.
You within three days arrive in Istanbul by train. From there you can then travel back to Tehran. You have about 66 hours on the road, which is not really fun is when you consider that you can be there by plane within 6 hours. Any delays are not included. When you arrive at Tatvan, you'll have a quick journey by boat.
Transport in the country
Lets you travel around the country by plane. There are several airports where it is possible to fly to another city. The prices of these flights are very cheap. The rest of the transport in Europe are not as comfortable but it is high quality and very cheap. The tickets will always have the same value, so you can not take advantage of early booking discounts. The flight times are very reliable, but you can not always say the aircraft itself. These are often old and safety procedures do not meet long to Western standards. Still, the plane remains the safest way to transport in Iran because the death toll on the roads is enormous.
The buses are almost everywhere and by the low price of fuel is very cheap to travel in Iran around with a bus. Buses are allowed to drive only 80 miles per hour in Iran, so there will be fewer accidents. There is little difference between the various bus companies, but many busses have different classes. You can choose 1st class or 2nd class. In 1st class air-conditioned sitting and you get small snacks under traveling. The 2nd class is not all. You can buy tickets for a bus at a booth at various stations.
In contrast, the train network is very limited, but comfortable and fast. You must have one month before departure train ticket in your possession. If you'd like to travel 1st class, you pay two times the comparable bus fare. The Gatar trains are generally the cheapest, safest, most reliable and easiest way to travel throughout the country. The trains have often suffer from delays, so keep that in mind if you want to travel by train.
Travel by taxi is very cheap in Iran because the fuel prices are very low. By car or taxi travel is very dangerous in Iran, because the traffic signs and rules are not present to few in the country. There are many annual fatalities by reckless driving.
Flora & Fauna
There are in Iran over 8000 different plant species, of which 20% is indigenous. These native species are mainly found in isolated areas such as the tops of the Zagros- and Alborzgebergte, the mountains in the high plateau and the slopes at Kashan and Yazd. `S 60% of the country is very dry, but it has still some vegetation. This is because the vegetation has adapted to drought and salinity of the soil. Plants that live here are acacia, ziziphus, heliotrope, astragalus and wormwood.
Thanks to the great climatic and geographical differences, the animal life in Iran very extensive. There will be wild cats, brown bears, wild boars, wild sheep, ibex, gazelles and porcupines in Iran. Previously, there were also tigers, lions, panthers and leopards, but unfortunately there hunted and is a part of these animals no longer be found in Iran. Survived only panthers and leopards. Hunting parties
In Iran there are many areas where migratory birds gratefully use. These are also the main bird migration areas of the Middle East. Here belong include the Ansa Limo Races, the salt lakes of Orumieh and Bakhtegân the Shadegân marshes, Parishan- and Arjan Lake and the Persian Gulf. The birds you can spot are often very special such as the Iranian bees eat the gray bunting, grouse, the nuthatch, the bustard, the warbler and the Socotra cormorant.
The environment has lead many had, causing much damage arose. This is due to deforestation, the Iran-Iraq War and the pollution caused by the burning oil fields during the Gulf War. How much damage has occurred has not been investigated.
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